Due to the rainy weather, the shortage of the wheat crop may amount to 15-50% — NAAS

The end of the first — the beginning of the second decade of June was characterized by warm, on some days, rainy weather. Torrential rains with thunderstorms, and in some places with hail and squalls, were observed in almost the entire territory of the country. In some regions, their daily number exceeded the monthly norm.

 

This is stated in the "Analytical report on agro-meteorological conditions and the condition of agricultural crops in Ukraine" by NAAS specialists, writes Kurkul.com.

 

Thus, rains in the form of heavy downpours with thunderstorms, and in some regions with hailstones, occurred throughout the country. According to the scientific institutions of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, their amount was only 3 mm in the Odesa region, 9.2 mm in the Kyiv region, 21 mm in the Lviv region, 6 mm, in Dnipropetrovsk — the amount of precipitation in the majority of the territory was 6-20 mm, the largest amount of 21-30 mm fell in the North, in some farms the daily maximum precipitation was 31-56 mm.

 

In the South and East, the amount of precipitation did not exceed 1-5 mm. The largest amount of precipitation was observed in the Zhytomyr region — 50 mm.

 

As scientists of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of the National Academy of Sciences noted, such rainy weather during the formation, pouring and ripening of grain is one of the reasons for the lack of harvest of grain crops, especially winter wheat.

 

Experts explained that due to such weather, the so-called "runoff" of grain is observed, which takes place due to high air humidity and direct contact of plants with moisture, mist, excessive dew. Generative organs, primarily the kernel, do not pick up or lose the accumulated plastic dry substances (this is the first non-infectious phase).

 

"Under such conditions, the activity of hydrolytic enzymes increases, which contribute to the transformation of starch into mobile sugars, and protein substances into their hydrolysis products, and further their draining. With the intensive development of these processes, the ear of corn tastes sweet, the so-called "honey dew". There is a sharp carbohydrate-protein depletion of grain in a very short period, deterioration of its food, technological and sowing qualities," the scientists added.

 

The second infectious phase is characterized by colonization of the ear with semi-parasitic saprophytic fungi. Gradually, these fungi penetrate into the inner part of the grain, which contains carbohydrates and proteins, as a nutrient medium for their vital activity.